Anesthesia-Associated Relative Hypovolemia: Mechanisms, Monitoring, and Treatment Considerations

Anesthesia-Associated Relative Hypovolemia: Mechanisms, Monitoring, and Treatment Considerations

Although the utility and benefits of anesthesia and analgesia are irrefutable, their practice is not void of risks. Almost all drugs that produce anesthesia endanger cardiovascular stability by producing dose-dependent impairment of cardiac function, vascular reactivity, and compensatory autoregulatory responses. Whereas anesthesia-related depression of cardiac performance and arterial vasodila...

fluoride and dental fluorosis and treatment

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Anesthesia Considerations for

Widespread application of the laparoscopic approach to surgical procedures had a slower onset in pediatric surgery than that in adult patients for a number of reasons. Compared to the open cholecystectomy in adult patients, there was not a commonly performed pediatric surgical procedure with significant increased morbidity using the open technique. Surgical instruments were designed for adults ...

33 Anesthesia and Monitoring

etiology, significance, diagnosis and treatment of bruxiam

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